Piston



2d Z7- Zai D' J- PEI-:LER

PISTON Filed Juli. 8, 1925 2 stints-Sheet 1 IWW. 2.

`r ATTORNEY.

INVENTOR.

e- A en n au n Patented Nov. 3, 1925.

Docx '.I. PEELER, or NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE.

PISTON.

Application filed July` 8. 1925. Serial No. 42,239.

To all 'whom it ma/ycofncern: f

Be it known that I, Doon 'J. PEELER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Nashville, in the county of Davidson and State of Tennessee, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pistons, of which the followingis a specification.

This invention relates to pistons for use in connection with internal combustion motors wherein an explosion chamber is arranged inv advance of the piston and an oil chamber at the rear thereof in which the connecting rod and crank operate in oil, and the invention has for, its object to provide, in a manner as hereinafter set forth, 4means for setting up Ia trapping action for the oil, during the operation of the piston,

thereby reducing the pumping of the oil to the explosion chamber to a minimum, under such conditions materially increasing the efficiency of the motor.

Further objects of the invention are to provide, in a manner as hereinafter set forth, a piston for the purpose referred to,

. which is simple in its construction and arrangement, strong, durable, compact, thor oughly eiiicient in its use, and comparatively inexpensive to. manufacture.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention consists of the novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts, as hereinafter more specifically described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein is shown an embodiment of the invention, but it is to be understood that changes, variations and modifications can be resorted to which come within the scope of the claims hereunto appended.

In the drawings wherein .hke reference characters denote corresponding parts throughoutthe several views Figure 1 is a fragmentary view, in sec-y tional elevation, of a motor cylinder and a piston in accordance with this invention.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary view, in longitudinal section, of the piston and its cylinder.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of one form of an expansible combined double acting valve, packing and trap former element.

Figures 4 to 13, both inclusive, are longitudinal sectional views, each illustrating a modified form of piston construction positioned within a cyllnder.

In each of the forms shown, the piston body referred to generally by the reference ranged in close proximity to each other, but

in spaced relation and with the groove 5 arranged in proximity tothe forward face of lthe body portion 1. The forward and rear side walls of the groove 5 are indicated respectively at 8, ,9, and each of which constitutes a valve seat. The forward and rear side walls of the groove 6 are indicated respectively at 10, 11, and each of which constitute a valve seat, and the forward and rear side walls of the groove'? are indicated at 12, 13 respectively and each of which constitutes a valve seat.

With reference to Figures l' and 2,A there is mounted in the grooves 5, 6 and 7 expansible vcombined double acting valve, packing* and trap former elements 14, 15 and 16 respectively, each in the form of a split annulus. ,Each of said elements is slightly less in thickness than the width of its respective groove. The element 14, in cross section, has its forward face 17 eX- tending in the same plane throughout and I constituting a valve abutting against the seat 8 on the rear stroke of the piston.' The rear face of the element 14 has its outer portion 18 inset with respect to its inner portion 19 to provide in connection with the -wall 9 of the groove 5 a trap 20. The inner portion 19 of the rear face of the element 14 constitutes a Valve, and abuts against the rear wall 9 of the groove 5 on the forward stroke of the piston. By this construction the element 14 provides what may be termed a double acting valve on the reciprocation of the piston for the purpose of trapping the oil to prevent its passage around the forward end ofthe iston or to reduce the passage of oil in suc particular to a minimum, under such conditions preventing or materially reducing oil pumping.

The providing of the inset .portion 18 on the rear face of the element 14 forms 'a shoulder 21, which is disposed parallel to the axis of the piston and the arrangement of the outer portion 18 and inner portion 19 on .the rear face of the element 14 is such ments, are indicated at 14, 15

that the portions 18 and 19 will extend in parallel planes in cross section.

The element 15, as well as the element 16, has the outer portion of its forward face inset, as at 22. The inner portion 23 of the forward face of the elements 15 or 16 constitutes a valve and coacts with the forward side wall of a groove 6 or 7. The rear face of the element 15, as well as the element 16, has the outer portion 24 thereof inset withl respect kto the inner portion 25 thereof, and said inner portion' 25 constitutes al valve and coacts with the rear` side wall of the grooves,

6 or 7 In cross section, the portions` 22 and 23, and 24 andA 25 extend in parallel planes. The insetting of the portion 22 and the portion 24 provides a shoulder 26, in cross section, arranged in parallelism with respect to the axis ofthe piston. The inset portion 22 of the. element 15, in connection with the forward side wall of the groove 6, provides an oil trap 27. The inset portion 24 of the element 15, in connection with the rear walll 1 1 of the groove 6, provides a trap 28. The inset portlon 22 of the element 16, in connection with the forward wall 12 of the groove 7, provides. a trap 29, and the inset portion 24 of the element 16, in connection with the rear side ywall 13 of the groove 7, provides a trap30. The operation of the elements 15 and 16 during the reciprocation of the cylinder is the same as element 14.

With reference to Figure 4, the elements of the set of ex ansible, .combined double acting valve, pac ing and trap former eleand 16 and operate and are arranged in the same manner as elements 14, 15and 16. Element 14 is constructed similar to element 14,v and elements 15 and 16 are constructed similar to element 14, that is to sa elements 15 and 16 only have their rear aces inset and each of which provides a single trap 17. Element 14 provides a single tra 18.. The trapsl 17 and 18 are formed y the rear faces of the elements 14, 15 and 16 only.

With reference to Figure 5, the elements of the set of expansible combined double acting valve, packing and trap formerelements are arranged in the same manner as elements 14, 15 and 16 with respect to the grooves in the piston. The elements of said set are indicated at 31, 32 and 33 and are constructed in the same manner as elements 14, 15 and 16, but with this exception, that the shoulders formed on said elements, and which are indicated. at 34, are curved.

With reference' to Figure 6, the elements of the set of expansible combined double acting valve, packing and trap former elements, are indicated at 31', 32 and 33 and are constructed similar to elements 31, 32 and 33 with the exception that the shoulders 34 thereof are inclined.

With reference to Figure 7, the elements ofthe set of the expansible combined double actlng valve, packing and trap former elements are indlcated at 35, 36 and 37, and

' are constructed and arranged similar to ele- 'ments are indicated at 35, 36 and 37 and are constructed and arranged similar to ele- `ments 35, 36v and 37, with this exception,

that the shoulders 38 thereof are inclined.

With reference to Figure 9, the elements of the set of expansible combined double acting valve, packing and trap former elements are indicated at 39, 40 and 41. The forward face 42 of the element 39, in cross section, extends in the same' plane throughout. The outer portion of the rear face of the element 39 extends inwardly at an inclination, as at 43, with respect to the inner portion 44 of said rear face. The portion 43, in connection with the rear side Wall of lthe groove 5, provides a trap 45. The element 40 has the outer part of its forward and its rear face extended inwardly at an inclination, as at 46, 47, thereby forming in connection with the walls of the groove 6,. traps 48, 49 respectively. The element 41 is constructed in the same manner as element v vof the set of expansible combined double acting valve, packing and tra former elements are indicated at 39, 40 and 41 and are arranged and operated in the same manner as elements 39, 40 and 41. The element 39 is constructed similar to the element 39. The elements 40 and 41 are constructed alike and each of which has the outer part of its rear face bevelled inwardly, as at 42. The elements 39, 40 and 41, in connection with the rear side walls of said grooves, provide traps 43.

With reference to Figure 11, the elements of the set of expansible combined vdouble acting valve, packing and trap -former elements are indicated at 52, 53 and 54 and operate and are arranged in the same mannc'r as elements 14, 15 and 16. The element 52 is constructed in the same manner as element 14, and the trap formed thereby is indicated at 55. The forward faces of the elements 53 Yand 54 are constructed alike and each has the outer portion of its forlll) y 1,5eo,ao7

expansible combined double acting valve,

packing and tra former elements 60, 61

v and 62 are curve in lieu of bevelled, as disclosed in Figure 12.

The trapsshown in Figure 12 and formed by the elements 52', 53 and 54', in connection with the walls of the grooves are indi. cated at 56. The traps formed by the eleg ments 60, 61 and 62 shown in Figure 13, in connection with the walls of the grooves are indicated at 63.

The depth of each of the traps formed by the follower faces of the rings in .connection with the rear walls of the grooves, is approximately half the width ofthe body of the ring. The width of each of the traps,"

formed by thefollower face of the rings, in connection Iwith the rear wall ofthe grooves, in Figures 1 'to 8 and 11 to 13, is less lthan a quarter of the width of a groove, and this statement also applies to the forward traps disclosed in Figures l, 2, 5 to 8' and 11.

The depth of the forwardtraps is approximatelyV half the width of the body o f the rin 'lghe diameter and construction of each of the expansible combined doublea'cting valve, packing and trap former. elements of a set, as well as the arrangement of the set with respect to the piston body, provides means for trapping the lubricant to prevent oil` from being pumped into thevpiston or combustion chamber of the engine, and it fur-- thermore provides means to increase lubrication due to the fact that the lubricant is `trapped in view of the manner in which the set of elements operates during the reciprocation of the kpiston body, and although the preferred constructions are as described and illustrated, yet changes in the details there- `of can be had which will fall within the light of the invention as claimed.

1. A group of spaced piston rings for mounting in the 'ooved periphery of a piston to prevent oil pumping consisting of at least three in number, each 'of said rings having the outer portion of the follower' face thereof inset to provide in connection with the rear side wall of the groove in which it is mounted a trap opening at the periphery of the piston, cach of the opposed. walls of each trap extending in the same plane throughout and arranged in parallelism throughout, each of said traps of a depth approximately half the width of the body o a ring and of a width less than `a quarter of the width of apiston groove. V

2. A iston comprising a body portion provide in proximity to its head with a forward, an intermediate and a rear roove arranged in close relation, the oppose kwalls of each of said grooves providing a pair of valve seats, and an annular, ex ansible, combined, double-acting valve, pac and trap former element mounted 1n eac of` sind grooves and yeach having itsforward face y intermittenti and alternately engaging the forward an rear walls of its respective groove on the reciprocation ofthe piston,

said forward element having its forward' face, in cross section, extendi in the same plane throughout, each of sai elements in cross section having the outer portionof its 'follower face positioned forwardly of. and

ina plane parallel -to the plane of the inner portion of such follower face and forming 1n connection with `the rear wall of a groove a trap of a depth'ap roximately equal to half the width lof the gody of each element, and each of said elements mounted in said intermediate .and rear grooves, in cross section, havin the outer portion of v its forward face ormed to provide in connection with the forward wall of itsrespective groove a tra of a depth approximately half the width o the body ofv an element.

3. A iston comprising a body portion provide in proximity to its head with a forward, an intermediate and a rear oove ari-an ed in close relation, the op of eac of said grooves providing a pair of valve seatsand an annular, ex ansible, combined, double-acting valve, pac 'n and trap former element mounted 1n eac of said grooves and each having its forward face intermittentl forward and7 rear walls of its respective groove on the reciprocation ofthe piston, said forward element having its forward face, in cross section, extendin in the same plane throughout, each of sai walls and alternately engaging the I elements in cross section having the out-er portion of,v

its follower face positionedforwardl of and in a plane parallel to the plane o the inner portion of such follower face andy forming in connection with the rear wall -of a groove a trap of a de th approximately equal to half the width o the body of each element, and each of said elements mounted 4. A piston comprising a` `body portionA provided in proximity to its head with a forward, an intermediate and a rear groove arranged in close relation, the opposed Walls of each of said grooves providing a pair of valve seats, an annular, expansible, combined, double-acting valve, packing and trap former element mounted in each of said groovesV and each having its forward face intermittentl and alternately engaging the forward andy rear walls of its respective groove on the reciprocaton ofthe piston said forward element having its forwar face, in cross section extending in the same plane throughout, each of said elements in crosspsection having the outer portion of its follower face positioned forwardly of and in a plane parallel to thel plane of the inner portion of such follower face and forming 1n connection with the rearwall of a groove a' tra of a depth approximately equal to half t e width of the body of each element, each of said elements mounted in said intermediate and rear grooves, in cross section, having the outer rtion of its forward face formed to 'rovi e in connection with the forward wa l of its respective groove a trap of a de th'approximately half the width of the body of an element, and each of said elements mounted in said intermediate and rear grooves having the outer portion of its forward face inclining rearwardly with respect to the forward `side wall of the groove inwhich the element is mounted, thereby providin -in connection with said wall a trap gra u'ally increasing in width outwardlyand of a depth approximately equal to half the width of the body of the element.

5. A group of spaced piston rings for mounting in the grooved periphery of `a piston to prevent oil pumping consisting of at least t ree in number arranged one in advance of the other, each offsaid rings havin the outer portion of the follower face t ere'of formed to provide'in connection with the rear wall ofthe groove in which the ring is mounted a trap, each of said rings, with the exception of the for--v ward ring, having the outer portion 'of its forward face incllning rearwardly with respect to the forward side wall of the groove in which thel ring is mounted, thereby providing in connection with such wall a trap gradually increasing in width outwardly and of a depth approximately half the width of the ring, the said rings other than the 'forward one, having its outer outer edge of less width than its inner edge and further having its forward and follower face terminating `in the ends of and spaced from each other by said outer edge. y

In testimony whereof, I aiix my signature hereto.

, DOCK J. PEELER. 

